Product code RXSOL-19-1277-025
Sale Price: 4,500.00 INR
- Generic name
- Blue Vitriol
- Pack size
- Export quality Bag in 25 Kg.One of the popular supplier in Bihar, UP, West Bengal. And playing leading exporter role globally. We also keeping full range of products includes Aluminium Nitrate, Ferric Nitrate, Calcium Nitrate, Magnesium Nitrate, Copper Nitrate, Ferric Sulphate, Potassium Nitrate, Sodium Thiosulphate, Zinc Nitrate, Barium Nitrate, Lead Nitrate and Nickel Nitrate etc.
- Unit
- Kg Crystal
- Quantity per unit
- 25.00
Copper sulfate exporter and stockist in India and the Middle East. We are keeping ready stock of materials to complete our regular customer demand locally and globally. High-quality range of Copper Sulphate, Cupric Sulphate, Copper Sulphate Crystal, Copper Offered Copper/Cupric Sulphate, Copper Sulphate Crystal, Copper are well-known for the features like long working life, high functionality, and low maintenance.
There are plenty of Copper Sulfate Applications which can be studied through out our website.
Application
Copper Sulfate for Algae Control
Let Your Lake or Pond Shine by Using Copper Sulfate to Kill Algae
LAKES, POTABLE WATER RESERVOIRS, PONDS (Golf, Farm, Fish and Fire), FISH HATCHERIES, AND CROP AND NON-CROP IRRIGATION CONVEYANCE SYSTEMS, DITCHES, CANALS AND LATERALS: Copper Sulfate kills filamentous and planktonic algae in water.
Apply at a rate of 3 to 6 pounds per acre foot of water (0.27 ppm to 0.54 ppm copper in the treated water). Apply as a uniform surface spray dissolved in at least 3 to 5 gallons of water using boat, plane or other pressurized spray device. Apply twice yearly or as needed. Determine the number of acre feet of water to be treated.
An acre foot of water is equal to one acre of water one foot deep which equals 328,000 gallons or 2,720,000 pounds. An acre foot can also be defined as an area of water 660 feet X 66 feet X 1 foot depth.
How to Apply: Copper Sulfate can be applied to impounded water by the following methods:
1. Application by Dragging Under Water: By placing Copper Sulfate in a burlap or finer mesh bag, apply by dragging the bag attached to a boat or float so that bags are suspended in the top foot of water until the crystals are dissolved. Drag the bag of copper sulfate first near the shoreline and continue outward by moving as the boat travels in parallel lines about 20 to 100 feet apart until area has been treated or until 1/3to 1/2 of the surface area has been treated. Continue dragging bag over treated area until the required minimum dose is applied and all copper sulfate is dissolved. Determine the quantity of copper sulfate needed to treat the problem area following directions and precautions on the label.
2. Application by Spraying Solution on Water Surface: Dissolve the minimum required dose of Copper Sulfate in water and spray the solution uniformly over the body of water. When spraying a solution of copper sulfate, mix copper sulfate in sufficient water to thoroughly spray the water surface. While the volume per surface acre depends on the type of spray equipment being used, spray volume should be approximately 20 to 500 or more gallons per acre of surface water. Several types of solutions and spraying equipment may be used. Observe previous cautions on the effect of copper sulfate solution on various metals in spraying containers.
3. Application by Slug Method: Make a dump of Copper Sulfate into the irrigation ditch or lateral at ¼ to 2 pounds per second of water per treatment. Repeat about every 2 weeks as needed. A dump is usually necessary every 5 to 30 miles depending on water hardness, alkalinity, and algae concentration. Copper Sulfate becomes less effective as the bicarbonate alkalinity increases. Its effectiveness is significantly reduced when the bicarbonate alkalinity exceeds about 150 ppm as calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
4. Application by Broadcasting: Dry Copper Sulfate can be broadcast on the water surface using a properly equipped boat. An air blower can be used to discharge these crystals at a specific rate over the surface of the water. When using this method, the wind direction is an important factor. Do not use this method unless completely familiar with this type of application.
5. Application by Spraying from Airplanes and Helicopters: Professional personnel licensed by the State Agricultural Extension Service are allowed to apply dry Copper Sulfate in some states. Rate may not exceed 6 pounds per acre foot of water.
6. Application by Injection in Water: A solution can be made with Copper Sulfate that can be injected in the water via a piping system.
CROP AND NON-CROP IRRIGATION CONVEYANCE SYSTEMS, DITCHES, CANALS AND LATERALS: Copper Sulfate Crystals control the Potamogeton pondweeds, leafy and sago.
How to Apply: Copper Sulfate can be applied to irrigation conveyance systems by the following methods:
1. Continuous Application Method: Using a continuous feeder, apply 1.6 to 2.4 pounds per cubic foot per second per day. These rates will produce 0.074 to 0.11 ppm copper in the treated water.
Note: For best control of leafy and sago pondweed, it is essential to begin copper sulfate additions when water is first turned into the system or ditch to be treated and continue throughout the irrigation season. Copper sulfate becomes less effective as the bicarbonate alkalinity increases. Its effectiveness is significantly reduced when the bicarbonate alkalinity exceeds about 150 ppm as calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Should copper sulfate fail to control pondweeds satisfactorily, it may be necessary to either treat the ditch with a suitable approved herbicide or use mechanical means to remove excess growth. In either case, resume copper sulfate addition as soon as possible.
CONTROL OF ALGAE AND BACTERIAL ODOR IN WATERSCAPES, DECORATIVE POOLS, AND FOUNTAINS (Except California):
Apply in the spring or early summer when algae and bacteria first appear. The dosages are variable and depend upon algae/bacteria species, water hardness, water temperature, amount of algae and bacteria present as well as whether the water is clear, turbid, flowing or static. Preferably, the water should be clear with temperatures above 60º F. Higher dosages are required at lower water temperatures, higher algae and bacteria concentrations and for hard waters. For each 7,500 gals. of water, dissolve ¼ lb. Copper Sulfate in one gallon of water. Pour the solution into the water to be treated. Several application points speed up dispersal. Static water requires less chemical than does flowing water. If uncertain about the dosage, begin with a lower does and increase until control is achieved or until the maximum allowable level of copper has been reached.
CONTROL OF ALGAE AND BACTERIAL ODOR IN SWIMMING POOLS (Except California):
Apply 1 to 2 lbs. of Copper Sulfate Crystal per 60,000 gals. (8,000 cu. ft.) of water. This will result in a concentration of 0.5 to 1.0 ppm of dissolved copper. Dissolve the required amount of copper sulfate in a plastic container and pour the solution into the pool. Use the higher rate where visible algae are present. For maintenance dosages, use the lower rate. Repeat the lower rate to control the recurrence of algae and avoid the buildup of copper. Copper Sulfate may be used to help control pool odors and algae during the winter months. Apply the higher rate while the pool is not being used during the winter. Treated pool effluent should not be discharged where it will drain into lakes, streams, ponds, or public water.
CALCULATIONS FOR THE AMOUNT OF WATER IMPOUNDED AND FOR THE AMOUNT OF COPPER SULFATE TO BE USED IN IMPOUNDED AND FLOWING WATER
Calculate water volume as follows:
1. Obtain surface area by measuring regular shaped ponds or mapping of irregular ponds or by reference to previously recorded engineering data or maps.
2. Calculate average depth by sounding in a regular pattern and taking the mean of these readings or by reference to previously obtained data.
3. Multiply surface area in feet by average depth in feet to obtain cubic feet of water volume.
4. Multiply surface area in acres by average depth in feet to obtain total acre-feet of water volume.
Calculate weight of water to be treated as follows:
1. Multiply the volume in cubic feet by 62.44 to obtain total pounds of water, or
2. Multiply the volume in acre feet by 2,720,000 to obtain pounds of water
Calculations of active ingredient to be added:
To calculate the amount of Copper Sulfate needed to achieve the recommended concentration
Multiply the weight of water by the recommended concentration of Copper Sulfate. Since recommended concentrations are normally given in parts per million (ppm), it will first be necessary to convert the value in parts per million to a decimal equivalent. For example, 2 ppm is the same as 0.000002 when used in this calculation. Therefore, to calculate the amount of Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate to treat 1 acre-foot of water with 2 ppm Copper Sulfate, the calculation would be as follows: 0.000002 x 2,720,000 = 5.44 lbs. Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate.
Calculation of water flow in ditches, streams, and irrigation systems:
The amount of water flow in cubic feet per second is found by means of a weir or other measuring device.
NOTE: If treated water is to be used as potable water (after further treatment), the residual metallic copper content must not exceed 1.0 ppm (4 ppm copper sulfate pentahydrate).
Eliminating Roots Using Cupric Sulfate
Technical Specifications
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Copper Sulphate-CuSO4 x 5H2O |
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(CuSO4X5H2O) |
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>98,20% |
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Humidity |
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max. 2% |
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Water insoluble |
0.01% |
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(Acidity) Free H2SO4 |
> 0.10% |
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Ph: |
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Cu |
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>24.94% |
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Fe: |
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>0.05% |
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Ni: |
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19.6mg/kg |
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Pb: |
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25.9mk/kg |
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As: |
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>0.012% |
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Cd: |
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5.00mg/kg |
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Hg: |
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0.10 mg/kg |
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F: |
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5.00mg/kg |
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Appearance |
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Crystal/Liquid |
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Dimension(crystal size) |
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80-800µ |
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Colour: |
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Blue |
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Density: |
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~1.188 g/sm³ |
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Other Names
CAS No.: 7758-98-7, Copper Sulfate
Useful Area
Uses of Copper Compounds: Agricultural Uses
Copper compounds have their most extensive employment in agriculture where the first recorded use was in 1761, when it was discovered that seed grains soaked in a weak solution of copper sulphate inhibited seed-borne fungi. By 1807 the steeping of cereal seeds in a copper sulphate solution for a limited time and then drying them with hydrated lime became the standard farming practice for controlling stinking smut or bunt of wheat, which by then was endemic wherever wheat was grown. Flour milled from bunted wheat had to be fed to animals or sold cheaply to ginger bread makers who had found a way of masking its bad taste and color with ginger and treacle. Within a few decades, so general and effective had become the practice of treating seed grains with copper sulphate that the appearance of more than a few bunted ears in a field of wheat was looked upon as a sign of neglect on the part of the farmer. So well have copper compounds controlled bunt that today this seed-borne disease is no longer of any economic importance.
The greatest breakthrough for copper salts undoubtedly came in the 1880's when the French scientist Millardet, while looking for a cure for downy mildew disease of vines in the Bordeaux district of France, chanced to notice that those vines, bordering the highways and which had been daubed with a paste of copper sulphate and lime in water in order to make the grapes unattractive to passers-by, appeared freer of downy mildew. This chance observation led to experiments with mixtures of copper sulphate, lime and water and in 1885 Millardet announced to the world that he had found a cure for the dreaded mildew. This mixture became known as Bordeaux mixture and saw the commencement of protective crop spraying.
Within a year or two of the discovery of Bordeaux mixture, Burgundy mixture, which also takes its name from the district of France in which it was first used, appeared on the scene. Burgundy mixture is prepared from copper sulphate and sodium carbonate (soda crystals) and is analogous to Bordeaux mixture.
Trials with Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures against various fungus diseases of plants soon established that many plant diseases could be prevented with small amounts of copper applied at the right time and in the correct manner. From then onwards copper fungicides have been indispensable and many thousands of tons are used annually all over the world to prevent plant diseases.
As a generalization, soils would be considered copper deficient if they contain less than two parts per million available copper in the context of plant health. However, where the soil contains less than five parts per million available copper, symptoms of copper deficiency may be expected in animals. The increasing use of chemical fertilizers which contain little or no copper are denuding soils of readily available copper and creating a deficiency of the element in plants and through them in animals. Copper compounds are now being added to the ever increasing copper deficient soils either direct or in combination with commercial fertilizers. This is particularly the case where the fertilizers are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. Animals grazing on copper deficient pastures or obtaining an inadequate amount of copper through their normal diet will benefit from mineral supplements containing copper.
Copper sulphate, because of its fungicidal and bactericidal properties, has been employed as a disinfectant on farms against storage rots and for the control and prevention of certain animal diseases, such as foot rot of sheep and cattle.
Uses of Copper Compounds: Copper Sulphate's Role in Agriculture
Copper sulphate has many agricultural uses (see below ) but the following are the more important ones:
- Preparation of Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures on the farm
- Control of fungus diseases
- Correction of copper deficiency in soils
- Correction of copper deficiency in animals
- Stimulation of growth for fattening pigs and broiler chickens
- A molluscicide for the destruction of slugs and snails, particularly the snail host of the liver fluke
Preparation of Bordeaux and Burgundy Mixtures on the Farm
Because of their importance to farmers, instructions concerning the dissolving of copper sulphate and the preparation of both Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures have been included in the text.
Dissolving Copper Sulphate
Iron or galvanised vessels must not be used for the preparation of copper sulphate solutions. Plastic vessels, now freely available, are light and very convenient. To make a strong solution, hang a jute sack of copper sulphate so that the bottom of it dips a few inches only in the water. The copper sulphate will dissolve overnight. Copper sulphate dissolves in cold water to the extent of about 3 kg per 10 litres. If more than this is placed in the sack described above, then a saturated solution will be obtained and it may be used without serious error on the basis that it contains 3 kg copper sulphate per 10 litres.
Preparation of Bordeaux Mixture
Bordeaux mixture is prepared in various strengths from copper sulphate, hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) and water. The conventional method of describing its composition is to give the weight of copper sulphate, the weight of hydrated lime and the volume of water in that order. The percentage of the weight of copper sulphate to the weight of water employed determines the concentration of the Bordeaux mixture. Thus a 1% Bordeaux mixture, which is the normal, would have the formula 1 :1:100the first 1 representing 1 kg copper sulphate, the second representing 1 kg hydrated lime, and the 100 representing 100 litres (100 kg) water. As copper sulphate contains 25% copper metal, the copper content of a 1% Bordeaux mixture would be 0-25 % copper. The quantity of lime used can be reduced considerably. Actually 1 kg copper sulphate requires only 0.225 kg of chemically pure hydrated lime to precipitate all the copper. Good proprietary brands of hydrated lime are now freely available but, as even these deteriorate on storage, it is safest not to exceed a ratio of 2:1. i.e. a 1:0.5:100 mixture.
In preparing Bordeaux mixture, the copper sulphate is dissolved in half the required amount of water in a wooden or plastic vessel. The hydrated lime is mixed with the balance of the water in another vessel. The two "solutions" are then poured together through a strainer into a third vessel or spray tank.
Preparation of a 1% Burgundy Mixture
Dissolve separately 1 kg copper sulphate in 50 litres water and 125 kg washing soda (or 0.475 kg soda ash) in 50 litres water and slowly add the soda solution to the copper sulphate solution with stirring. Control of fungus diseases
Bordeaux and Burgundy mixtures have been found effective in controlling a whole host of fungus diseases of plants. Normally a 0.5 % to 1 % Bordeaux or Burgundy mixture applied at 2 to 3 week intervals suffices to control most copper-susceptible fungi.
Generally, once the fungus spores have alighted on the host plant and penetrated the tissues it is difficult to control them. The principle of control must in most cases depend on protection, ie preventing the fungus spores from entering the host tissues. Copper fungicides are noted for their tenacity and for this reason, are much to be preferred in areas of high rainfall.
The simplest method of control is to apply a protective coating of Bordeaux or Burgundy mixture (or other copper fungicides) to the susceptible parts of the plant, so that spores alighting on them come in contact with the protective film of copper and are killed instantly. It is thus important to remember that the first spraying must ideally be made just before the disease is expected and continued at intervals throughout the susceptible period. For this reason it is important to take advantage of the early warning schemes which are in operation to ensure greater accuracy of the timing of the first spraying.
It must also be remembered that fungi are plants and that control measures that will kill them may not always leave the host plant unaffected. The use of too concentrated a fungicide mixture must, therefore, be guarded against, particularly for the early sprays.
Copper fungicides have been reported effective against numerous plant diseases. A list, by no means exhaustive, of some 300 diseases that have been found amenable to control by copper fungicides, appears in Table B.
Correction of Copper Deficiency in Soils
Where copper deficiency has been confirmed by soil analysis or field diagnosis, whether in plants or animals, it can be corrected very simply either by applying 50 kg copper sulphate per hectare in the form of a fertiliser before sowing or by spraying the foliage of the young cereal plants, when they are about 150 mm high, with 750 grams copper sulphate (dissolved in from 400 to 2,000 litres water) per hectare. The soil application has generally given the better results and has the advantage that it may have a residual effect for more than ten years. The foliar application has to be given annually to each crop. An alternative is to add a copper containing slag (normally about 1% to 2 % copper) at a rate of a tonne to the hectare.
Correction of Copper Deficiency in Animals
A method of correcting copper deficiency in livestock is to treat the soil on which animals graze. For example, in Australia and New Zealand swayback in lambs is being prevented by top dressing copper deficient pastures with 5 to 10 kg copper sulphate per hectare some time before lambing begins.
Other methods include drenching periodically with a copper sulphate solution; incorporating copper sulphate in salt and other animal licks; or by what is probably the most general method, incorporating copper sulphate along with other minerals and vitamins in the form of carefully blended supplements in the feeding stuffs.
Stimulation of Growth for Fattening Pigs and Broiler Chickens
The inclusion of up to as much as 0.1% copper sulphate in the diet of bacon and pork pigs and broiler chickens stimulates appetite and produces increased growth rate with a marked improvement in feed conversion.
A molluscicide for the destruction of slugs and snails, particularly the snail host of the liver fluke. All likely habitats of the liver fluke snail should be treated with copper sulphate at the rate of 25 kg to the hectare at least twice a year in June and August (northern hemisphere) or December and February (southern hemisphere).
Industrial Area
Uses of Copper Compounds: Table B - Plant Diseases Amenable to Control by Copper Fungicides
| Disease | ||
| Plant | Common name | Pathogen |
| Almond | Shot hole | Clasterosporium carpophilum |
| Rust | Puccinia pruni-spinosae | |
| Blossom wilt | Sclerotinia laxa and Sclerotinia fructigena | |
| Leaf curl | Taphrina deformans | |
| Aloe | Anthracnose | Colletotrichum agaves |
| Antirrhinum | Rust | Puccinia antirrhini |
| Apple | Pink disease | Corticium salmonicolor |
| Fireblight | Erwinia amylovora | |
| Bitter rot | Glomerella cingulata | |
| Canker | Nectria galligena | |
| Blotch | Phyllosticta solitaria | |
| Black rot | Physalospora obtusa | |
| Blossom wilt | Sclerotinia laxa | |
| Scab | Venturia inaequalis | |
| Apricot | Shot hole | Clasterosporium carpophilum |
| Rust | Puccinia pruni-spinosae | |
| Blossom wilt | Sclerotinia laxa and Sclerotinia fructigena | |
| Areca Nut | Thread blight | Corticium koleroga |
| Arrowroot | Banded leaf blight | Corticium solani |
| Artichoke (Globe) | Ramularia cynarae | |
| Asparagus | Rust | Puccinia asparagi |
| Avocado | Fruit spot | Cercospora purpurea |
| Anthracnose (Black spot) | Glomerella cingulata | |
| Bacterial rot | Pseudomonas syringae | |
| Scab | Sphaceloma perseae | |
| Azalea | Flower spot | Ovulinia azaleae |
| Banana | Black rot (Die back) | Botryodiplodia theobromae |
| Helminthosporiosis | Helminthosporium sp. | |
| Sigatoka disease (Leaf spot) | Mycosphaerella musicola | |
| Barley | Snow damage | Typhula itoana |
| Covered smut | Ustilago hordei | |
| Bean (Broad) | Leaf spot | Asochyta pisi |
| Chocolate spot | Botrytis cinerea | |
| Rust | Uromyces fabae | |
| Bean (French and Runner) | Anthracnose | Colletotrichum lindemuthianum |
| Powdery mildew | Erysiphe polygoni | |
| Halo blight | Pseudomonas medicaginis var phaseolicola | |
| Rust | Uromyces appendiculatus | |
| Common blight | Xanthomonas phaseoli | |
| Begonia | Mildew | Oidium begoniae |
| Betel | Leaf spot | Bacterium betle |
| Leaf spot | Glomeralla cingulata | |
| Foot rot | Phytophthora colocasiae | |
| Leaf rot | Phytophthora parasitica | |
| Blackberry | Cane spot | Elsinoe veneta |
| Blueberry | Powdery mildew | Microsphaera alni var. vaccinii |
| Leaf rust | Pucciniastrum myrtilli | |
| Fruit rot | Sclerotinia vaccinii-corymbosi | |
| Brassicas | Damping off | Oipidium brassicae |
| Downy mildew | Peronospora parasitica | |
| Black leg (Canker) | Phoma lingam | |
| Black rot | Xanthomonas campestris | |
| Cacao | Brown pod rot (Die back) | Botryodiplodia theobromae |
| Witches' broom | Marasmius perniciosus | |
| Black pod rot | Phytophthora palmivora | |
| Calendula | Leaf spot | Cercospora calendulae |
| Carnation | Ring spot | Didymellina dianthi |
| Leaf spot | Septoria dianthi | |
| Rust | Uromyces dianthi | |
| Carrot | Blight | Alternaria dauci |
| Bacterial soft rot | Bacterium carotovorum | |
| Leaf spot | Cercospora carotae | |
| Cassava | Leaf spot | Cercospora henningsii |
| Castor oil | Leaf spot | Phyllosticta bosensis |
| Cattleya | Black rot | Phythium ultimum |
| Celery | Blight | Cercospora apii |
| Leaf spot | Septoria apii and Septoria apii graveolentis | |
| Cherry | Shot hole | Clasterosporium carpophilum |
| Leaf spot | Coccomyces hiemalis | |
| Bitter rot | Glomerella cingulata | |
| Leaf scorch | Gnomonia erythrostoma | |
| Bacterial canker | Pseudomonas mors-prunorum | |
| Brown rot (Blossom wilt) | Sclerotinia laxa and Sclerotinia fructigena | |
| Scab | Venturia cerasi | |
| Chestnut | Blight | Endothia parasitica |
| Ink disease | Phytophthora cambivora | |
| Chilli | Blight (Leaf spot) | Cercospora capsici |
| Blight (Collar rot) | Phytophthora capsici | |
| Bacterial spot | Xanthomonas vesicatoria | |
| Chrysanthemum | Mildew | Oidium chrysanthemi |
| Rust | Puccinia chrysanthemi | |
| Leaf spot | Septoria chrysanthemella | |
| Cinchona | Damping off | Pythium vexans |
| Cineraria | Alternaria senecionis | |
| Citronella | Collar rot | |
| Citrus | Sooty mould | Aithaloderma citri |
| Thread blight | Corticium koleroga | |
| Melanose | Diaporthe citri | |
| Mal secco | Deuterophoma tracheiphila | |
| Scab | Elsinoe fawcetti | |
| Anthracnose (Wither tip) | Gloeosporium limetticola | |
| Sooty blotch | Leptothyrium pomi | |
| Black spot | Phoma citricarpa | |
| Brown rot | Phytophthora spp. | |
| Black pit | Pseudomonas syringae | |
| Septoria spot | Septoria depressa | |
| Canker | Xanthomonas citri | |
| Coffee | Brown eyespot | Cercospora coffeicola |
| Thread blight (Black rot) | Corticium koleroga | |
| Anthracnose (Die back) | Glomerella cingulata | |
| Rust | Hemileia vastatrix | |
| Berry disease | Colletotrichum coffeanum | |
| Conifers | Blight | Cercospora thujina |
| Coryneum blight | Coryneum berckmanii | |
| Canker | Coryneum cardinale | |
| Fusiform rust | Cronartium fusiforme | |
| Blister rust | Cronartium ribicola | |
| Leaf cast (of Kauri Pine) | Hendersonula agathi | |
| Needle cast (of Scots Pine) | Lophodermium pinastri | |
| Phomopsis blight | Phomopsis juniperovora | |
| Needle cast (of Douglas Fir) | Rhabdocline pseudotsugae | |
| Root rot | Rhizoctonia cROCCORRXum | |
| Cotton | Alternarii disease | Alternaria gossypii and Alternaria |
| macrospora | ||
| Sore shin | Corticium solani | |
| Cowpea | Scab | Cladosporium vignae |
| Cucurbits | Leaf blight | Alternaria cucumerina |
| Wet rot | Choanephora cucurbitarum | |
| Anthracnose | Colletotrichum lagenarium | |
| Wilt | Erwinia tracheiphila | |
| Powdery mildew | Erysiphe cichoracearum | |
| Black rot | Mycosphaerella citrullina | |
| Stem end rot | Physalospora rhodina | |
| Downy mildew | Pseudoperonospora cubensis | |
| Currant (Ribes) | Leaf spot | Mycosphaerella grossulariae and Mycosphaerella ribis |
| Leaf spot | Pseudopeziza ribis | |
| Cytisus | Die back | Ceratophorum setosum |
| Daffodil | White mould | Ramularia vallisumbrosae |
| Fire | Sclerotinia polyblastis | |
| Dahlia | Leaf spot | Phyllosticta dahliicola and Entyloma dahliae |
| Dalo | Leaf spot | Phytophthora colocasiae |
| Delphinium | Mildew | Erysiphe polygoni |
| Derris | Leaf spot | Colletotrichum derridis |
| Dogwood (Cornus) | Spot anthracnose | Elsinoe corni |
| Egg Plant | Leaf spot | Ascochyta melongenae |
| Damping off | Corticium solani | |
| Fig | Leaf fall and Fruit rot | Cercospora bolleana |
| Rust | Cerotelium fici | |
| Thread blight | Corticium koleroga | |
| Canker | Phomopsis cinerescens | |
| Blight | Phizoctonia microsclerotia | |
| Filbert | Bud blight | Xanthomonas corylina |
| Fruit trees | Crown gall | Bacterium tumefaciens |
| Gambier | White root rot | Fomes lignosus |
| Gardenia | Canker | Phomopsis gardenia |
| Gerbera | Leaf spot | Cercospora sp. |
| Ginseng | Blight | Alternaria panax |
| Gladiolus | Corm rot | Botrytis gladiolorum |
| Gooseberry | Die back | Botrytis cinerea |
| Leaf spot | Mycosphaerella grossulariae | |
| Cluster cup rust | Puccinia pringshemiana | |
| American mildew | Sphaerotheca mors-uvae | |
| Grasses | Snow mould | Calonectria graminicola |
| Red thread | Corticium fusiforme | |
| Brown patch of lawns | Rhizoctonia and Holminthosporium spp. | |
| Stripe smut | Ustilago striiformis | |
| Ground nut | Leaf spot | Cercospora arachidicola and Cercospora personate |
| Stem rot (Southern blight) | Sclerotium rolfsii | |
| Guava | Leaf spot | Cephaleuros mycoidea |
| Thread blight | Corticium koleroga | |
| Rust | Puccinia psidii | |
| Hellebore | Coniothyrium hellebori | |
| Hollyhock | Rust | Puccinia malvacearum |
| Hop | Downy mildew | Pseudoperonospora humuli |
| Powdery mildew | Sphaerotheca humuli | |
| Hydrangea | Mildew | Oidium hortensiae |
| Leek | Mildew | Peronospora destructor |
| White tip | Phytophthora porri | |
| Lettuce | Downy mildew | Bremia lactucae |
| Ring spot | Marssonina panattoniana | |
| Lily | Blight | Botrytis elliptica |
| Maize | Downy mildew | Sclerospora philippinensis |
| Mango | Red rust | Cephaleuros virescens |
| Anthracnose | Colletotrichum gloeosporioides | |
| Scab | Elsinoe mangiferae | |
| Bacterial black spot | Erwinia mangiferae | |
| Anthracnose | Gloeosporium mangiferae | |
| Powdery mildew | Oidium mangiferae | |
| Medlar | Scab | Venturia eriobotryae |
| Millet (Italian) | Smut | Ustilago crameri |
| Mushroom | White mould | Mycogone perniciosa |
| Bacterial blotch(Brown blotch) | Pseudomonas tolaasi | |
| Nectarine | Shot hole | Clasterosporium carpophilum |
| Rust | Puccinia pruni-spinosae | |
| Blossom wilt | Sclerotinia laxa and Sclerotinia fructigena | |
| Leaf curl | Taphrina deformans | |
| Oats | Loose smut | Ustilago avanae |
| Olive | Leaf spot | Cycloconium oleaginum |
| Onion | Downy mildew | Peronospora destructor |
| Orchids | Fusarium | Macrophoma and Diplodia spp. |
| Paeony | Blight | Botrytis peaoniae |
| Bud death | Sphaeropsis paeonia | |
| Palm ( Palmyra) | Leaf spot | Pestalotia palmarum |
| Passion fruit | Brown spot | Alternaria passiflorae |
| Grease spot | Pseudomonas passiflorae | |
| Pawpaw | Leaf spot | Ascochyta caricae |
| Anthracnose (Fruit rot) | Colletotrichum gloeosporioides | |
| Powdery mildew | Oidium caricae | |
| Hard rot | Phytophthora parasitica | |
| Peach | Shot hole | Clasterosporium carpophilum |
| Rust | Puccinia pruni-spinosae | |
| Blossom wilt | Sclerotinia laxa and Sclerotinia fructigena | |
| Leaf curl | Taphrina deformans | |
| Pear | Scab ( America) | Cladosporium effusum |
| Thread blight | Corticium koleroga | |
| Firebiiglit | Erwinia amylovora | |
| Bitter rot | Glomerella cingulata | |
| Leaf spot (Leaf speck) | Mycosphaerella sentina | |
| Scab | Venturia pirina | |
| Pecan | Scab | Cladosporium effusum |
| Thread blight | Corticium koleroga | |
| Vein spot | Gnomonia nerviseda | |
| Liver spot | Gnomonia caryae var. pecanae | |
| Pepper(Red) | See Chilli) | |
| Persimmon | Canker | Phomopsis diospyri |
| Pineapple | Heart or stern rot | Phytophthora parasitica |
| Piper betle | (See Betel) | |
| Plantain | Black tip | Helminthosporium torulosum |
| Plum | Shot hole | Clasterosporium carpophilum |
| Black rot | Dibotryon morbosum | |
| Bacterial canker | Pseudomonas mors-prunorum | |
| Wilt | Pseudomonas prunicola | |
| Rust | Puccinia pruni-spinosae | |
| Brown rot | Sclerotinia fructigena | |
| Blossom wilt | Sclerotinia laxa | |
| Watery rot (Pocket plums) | Taphrina pruni | |
| Bacterial spot | Xanthomonas pruni | |
| Poplar | Septogloeum populiperdun | |
| Poppy | Downy mildew | Peronospora arborescens |
| Potato | Early blight | Alternaria solani |
| Grey mould | Botrytis cinerea | |
| Blight (Late blight) | Phytophthora infestans | |
| Dry rot | Sclerotium rolfsii | |
| Quince | Brown rot | Sclerotinia fructigena |
| Shot hole | Clasterosporium carpophilum | |
| Raspberry | Spur blight | Didymella applanata |
| Cane spot (Anthracnose) | Elsinoe veneta | |
| Cane wilt | Leptosphaeria coniothyrium | |
| Rhododendron | Leaf scorch (Bud blast) | Pycnostysanus azaleae |
| Rhubarb | Downy mildew | Peronospora jaapiana |
| Rice | Brown spot | Ophiobolus miyabeanus |
| (Helmintliosporiosis) | ||
| Blast | Piricularia oryzae | |
| Rose | Black spot | Diplocarpon rosae |
| Downy mildew | Peronospora sparsa | |
| Rust | Phragmidium mucronatum | |
| Leaf spot (Anthracnose) | Sphaceloma rosarum | |
| Mildew | Sphaerotheca pannosa | |
| Rubber | American leaf disease | Dothidella ulei |
| White root rot | Fomes lignosus | |
| Leaf disease | Helminthosporium heveae | |
| Stem disease | Pestalotia palmarum | |
| Abnormal leaf fall | Phytophthora palmivora | |
| Rye grass | Blind seed | Phialea temulenta |
| Safflower | Rust | Puccinia carthami |
| Seedlings | Damping off | Pythium debaryanum, Pythium and Rhizoctonia spp, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum,etc |
| Sorghum | Covered smut | Sphacelotheca sorghi |
| Spinach | Leaf spot | Heterosporium variabile |
| Downy mildew | Peronospora effusa | |
| Spindle tree | Mildew | Oidium euonymi-japonicae |
| Stock | Leaf spot | Alternaria raphani |
| Strawberry | Leaf spot | Mycosphaerella fragariae |
| Sugar beet | Leaf spot | Cercospora beticola |
| Downy mildew | Peronospora schactii | |
| Sunflower | Rust | Puccinia helianthi |
| Wilt | Sclerotinia sclerotiorum | |
| Sweet potato | Wilt | Fusarium spp. |
| Taro | Leaf spot | Phytophthora colocasiae |
| Tea | Black rot (Die back) | Botryodiplodia theobromae |
| Red rust | Cephaleuros niycoidea | |
| Blister blight | Exobasidium vexans | |
| Grey blight | Pestalotia theae | |
| Tobacco | Brown spot (Red rust) | Alternaria longipes |
| Leaf spot | Ascochyta nicotianae | |
| Frog eye | Cercospora nicotianae | |
| Blue mould (Downy mildew) | Peronospora tabacina | |
| Wildfire | Pseudomonas tabacum | |
| Tomato | Early blight | Alternaria solani |
| Leaf mould | Cladosporium fulvum | |
| Anthracnose | Colletotrichum phomoides | |
| Fruit rot | Didymella lycopersici | |
| Mildew | Leveilluia taurica | |
| Fruit rot | Phytophthora capsici | |
| Foot rot | Phytophthora cryptogea | |
| Blight (Late blight) | Phytophthora infestans | |
| Leaf spot | Septoria lycopersici | |
| Grey leaf spot | Stemphylium solani | |
| Bacterial spot | Xanthomonas vesicatoria | |
| Tuberose | Blight | Botrytis elliptica |
| Tung | Thread blight | Corticium koleroga |
| Veronica | Septoria exotici | |
| Vine (Grape) | "Coitre" | Coniothyrium diplodiella |
| Anthracnose | Elsinoe ampelina | |
| Black rot | Guignardia bidwellii | |
| Leaf spot | Isariopsis fuckelli | |
| Bitter rot | Melanconium fuligineum | |
| Angular leaf spot | Mycosphaerella angulata | |
| Downy mildew | Plasmopara viticola | |
| Totbrenner | Pseudopeziza tracheiphila | |
| Powdery mildew | Uncinula necator | |
| Vine (Sultana) | Sooty dew | Exosporium sultanae |
| Viola | Leaf spot | Centrospora acerina |
| Violet | Scab | Sphaceloma violae |
| Walnut | Ring spot | Ascochyta juglandis |
| Anthracnose (Blotch) | Gnomonia leptostyla | |
| Downy leaf spot | Microstroma juglandis | |
| Blight | Xanthomonas juglandis | |
| Wheat | Root rot | Gibberella zeae |
| Rust | Puccinia spp | |
| Snow damage | Pythium sp. | |
| Bunt | Tilletia caries and Tilletia faetida | |
| Willow | Black canker | Physalospora miyabeana |
| Scab | Venturia chlorospora | |
| Zinnia | Wilt | Sclerotinia sclerotiorum |
Precautions & Remarks
Uses of Copper Compounds: Copper Sulphate
Copper sulphate, blue stone, blue vitriol are all common names for pentahydrated cupric sulphate, Cu S04 5 H20, which is the best known and the most widely used of the copper salts. Indeed it is often the starting raw material for the production of many of the other copper salts. Today in the world there are more than 100 manufacturers and the world's consumption is around 200,000 tons per annum of which it is estimated that approximately three-quarters is used in agriculture, principally as a fungicide.
Manufacture In the production of copper sulphate virgin copper is seldom, if ever, used as the starting raw material. Copper ores are used in countries where these are mined. For the bulk of the world's production nonferrous scrap is the general source. The scrap is refined and the molten metal poured into water to produce roughly spherical porous pieces about the size of marbles which are termed "shot". This shot is dissolved in dilute sulphuric acid in the presence of air to produce a hot saturated liquor which, if the traditional large crystals of copper sulphate are required, is allowed to cool slowly in large cooling vats into which strips of lead are hung to provide a surface for the crystals to grow on. If the granulated (snow) crystal grades are desired, the cooling process is accelerated by agitating the liquor in water cooled vessels.
Other methods of production are:
- By heating copper scrap with sulphur to produce copper sulphide which is then oxidised to form copper sulphate.
- By heating copper sulphide ores to produce copper oxide which is then treated with sulphuric acid to form copper sulphate.
- By slow leaching in air of piles of low grade ore. Bacterial action is sometimes employed to hasten the process. A solution of copper sulphate drains away from such heaps.
Commercially copper sulphate contains 25 % metallic copper and is sold with a guaranteed minimum purity of 98 % copper sulphate. It is produced in a number of grades varying from large crystal lumps, of 25 mm or more in diameter from which it appropriately derives the name bluestone, to very fine powders of almost the fineness of talcum powder. The four commonest grades, based on crystal diameter sizes, are:
- Large crystals (from 10 mm to 40 mm)
- Small crystals (from 2 mm to 10 mm)
- Granulated or snow crystals (less than 2 mm)
- Windswept powder (less than 0.15 mm)
Uses of Copper Sulfates
Copper sulphate is a very versatile chemical with as extensive a range of uses in industry as it has in agriculture. Its principal employment is in agriculture, and this role is described in some detail in the next section.
Up to a generation or so ago about its only uses in the industry were as a mordant for dyeing and for electroplating, but today it is being employed in many industrial processes. The synthetic fibre industry has found an application for it in the production of their raw material. The metal industry uses large quantities of copper sulphate as an electrolyte in copper refining, for copper coating steel wire prior to wire drawing and in various copper plating processes. The mining industry employs it as an activator in the concentration by froth flotation of lead, zinc, cobalt and gold ores. The printing trade takes it as an electrolyte in the production of electrotype and as an etching agent for process engraving. The paint industry uses it in anti-fouling paints and it plays a part in the colouring of glass. Indeed, today there is hardly an industry which does not have some small use for copper sulphate.
Identification
Uses of Copper Compounds: General Uses
To trace the history of copper compounds it would be necessary to go back much further than the fourth millennium BC. Records found in the tombs of the early Egyptians suggest that, at least, this ancient civilisation employed copper sulphate as a mordant in their dyeing process. Today, more than 5,000 years later, copper sulphate is still employed by the world's dyeing industry in the after treatment of certain dyes to improve their fastness to light and washing.
Another equally early recorded use for copper compounds was for the making of ointments and other medical preparations. Later, the Greek civilisation of the pre-Christian era of Hypocrates (circa 400 BC) saw the prescribing of copper sulphate for pulmonary diseases and by the 18th century AD it had come into wide clinical use in the western world, being employed for the treatment of mental disorders and afflictions of the lungs.
It is noteworthy that copper sulphate has lost none of its effectiveness over the centuries, neither have any harmful side effects been reported. Copper sulphate is still, however, highly prized by some inhabitants of Africa and Asia for healing sores and skin diseases. In the West it is widely used in baby foods and in mineral and vitamin tonics and pills.
Copper has a wide spectrum of effectiveness against the many biological agents of timber and fabric decay. It renders them unpalatable to insects and protects them from fungus attack. Copper sulphate has been in use since 1838 for preserving timber and is today the base for many proprietary wood preservatives.
The discovery more than 80 years ago that many algae are highly susceptible to copper, led to the use of copper salts by water engineers to prevent the development of algae in potable water reservoirs. They are also employed to control green slime and similar algal scums in farm ponds, rice fields, irrigation and drainage canals, rivers, lakes and swimming pools.
Another well known use for copper compounds is as a molluscicide for the control of slugs and snails. Less than one part of copper per million parts of water can control disease-transmitting aquatic snails, which are responsible for schistosomiasis or bilharzia in humans in tropical countries and fascioliasis or liver fluke of animals in both tropical and temperate climates.
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Supply Locations
Copper sulphate manufacturer, Supplier, Exporter. We are keeping ready stock of Copper sulphate in Mumbai, Gandhidham, Chennai, Visakhapatnam, Kolkata, Dubai, Sharjah, Fujairah, Abu Dhabi, Muscat, Oman, Middle East UAE, Nairobi, Mombasa, Uganda, Kenya Africa, South Africa, Canada
We offering services as manufacturers and suppliers of quality industrial chemicals. With the offered range comprising Copper Sulphate Powder, Copper Carbonate and Copper Sulphate Crystals, these feature precision formulation standards and processed using well equipped infrastructure support so as to deliver best possible quality finish. We also ensure that the chemicals are processed in an eco-friendly way that ensures surrounding environment is not harmed. Further, as complete range is processed in hygienic laboratories and well defined processes, these are renowned for accurate composition, pH value and purity levels, thus making the products highly demanded in the market.